This advanced course addresses the Cyber Resilience paradigm as a key enabler of the design of cybersecure systems in the XXI century. Given the multitude of threats that computer systems of today, mostly complex and highly networked are subject to, classic security techniques are lagging behind the adversaries. Cyber Resilience is becoming central to achieving cybersecurity and/or safety of computer systems operation, especially when both properties are needed, as in critical systems. The theoretical, algorithmic and architectural foundations of resilient computing lie on the fusion between dependability and security research, also anchored on AI/ML techniques. That is, understanding the need to simultaneously fight against cyber-attacks, accidental faults, design errors. Furthermore, adapting to unexpected operating conditions, in a robust, automatic and sustainable way. A solid scientific training in the body of knowledge underpinning cyber resilience is thus of extreme importance as a precursor of advanced studies and scientific research in these impactful areas. Likewise, on a shorter term, students endorsing these matters learn what are becoming the best practices in the design and operation of critical systems, including: mission-critical data centers; utility infrastructures such as power grid, telco, or process control; autonomous vehicles in land, air and space; fintech and blockchain; digital health.