An introduction to the theory, application, and interpretation of four (4) major types of spectroscopy: absorption, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. It will focus heavily on interpretation of spectra and application of these tools to address questions of structure and reactivity of organic, organometallic, and inorganic materials. A training session of two (2)-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (COSY, NOESY, HSQC, HMBC, etc) will be offered